HP to Amps Calculator
Convert electric motor output from Horsepower (HP) or Kilowatts (kW) into full-load electrical current (Amperes) across Single-Phase, 3-Phase, and DC systems with NEC circuit breaker, wire gauge, and generator sizing.
How to Calculate Motor Amps from Horsepower (Formulas)
Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical shaft power. Because 1 mechanical Horsepower equals approximately 745.7 Watts (0.746 kW), converting output Horsepower into electrical current in Amperes requires factoring in system Voltage (V), Motor Efficiency (η), and AC Power Factor (PF / cos φ).
Used for standard 120V, 208V, and 240V residential and light commercial single-phase motors.
Standard for industrial 208V, 240V, 480V, and 600V 3-phase delta and wye induction motors (√3 ≈ 1.732).
Applies to 12V, 24V, 48V, and high-voltage DC motors with unity power factor (PF = 1.0).
NEC Motor Full-Load Amps (FLA) Quick Reference Table
Standard nominal full-load currents for typical squirrel-cage induction motors per National Electrical Code (NEC Tables 430.248 & 430.250):
| Motor HP | 115V (1-Phase) | 230V (1-Phase) | 208V (3-Phase) | 230V (3-Phase) | 460V (3-Phase) | 575V (3-Phase) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2 HP | 9.8 A | 4.9 A | 2.4 A | 2.2 A | 1.1 A | 0.9 A |
| 1 HP | 16.0 A | 8.0 A | 4.6 A | 4.2 A | 2.1 A | 1.7 A |
| 2 HP | 24.0 A | 12.0 A | 7.5 A | 6.8 A | 3.4 A | 2.7 A |
| 3 HP | 34.0 A | 17.0 A | 10.6 A | 9.6 A | 4.8 A | 3.9 A |
| 5 HP | 56.0 A | 28.0 A | 16.7 A | 15.2 A | 7.6 A | 6.1 A |
| 10 HP | 100.0 A | 50.0 A | 30.8 A | 28.0 A | 14.0 A | 11.0 A |
| 25 HP | -- | -- | 74.8 A | 68.0 A | 34.0 A | 27.0 A |
| 50 HP | -- | -- | 143.0 A | 130.0 A | 65.0 A | 52.0 A |
| 100 HP | -- | -- | 273.0 A | 248.0 A | 124.0 A | 99.0 A |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is the difference between Full-Load Amps (FLA) and Locked-Rotor Amps (LRA)?
FLA (Full-Load Amps) is the steady-state current drawn when the motor is delivering its rated horsepower output. LRA (Locked-Rotor Amps) is the momentary startup inrush current drawn when voltage is first applied to a stationary rotor, typically 500% to 600% of FLA.
Why do conductors require 125% ampacity sizing for electric motors?
Under NEC Article 430.22, motor branch circuit conductors must have an ampacity rating not less than 125% of the motor full-load current to prevent conductor overheating under continuous maximum load duty cycles.
How do I calculate generator size to start an electric motor?
To prevent voltage drop that causes stalling or breaker tripping, multiply the electric motor’s running active kilowatt rating (kW = HP × 0.746 ÷ Efficiency) by 2.0x to 3.0x for standard direct-on-line (DOL) starts, or 1.5x to 2.0x for soft-starter systems.
Essential Motor Sizing & Testing Tools
AdvertisementProfessional diagnostic instruments for measuring motor running amperage, inrush surge, and supply line voltage:
Fluke 323 True-RMS Clamp Meter
Measures AC current up to 400A and AC/DC voltage for checking actual motor draw.
Klein Tools MM400 Auto-Ranging Meter
Measures up to 600V AC/DC voltage, resistance, and temperature on motor control circuits.
Digital Laser Photo Tachometer
Non-contact laser RPM gauge to verify motor shaft rotational speed and slip under load.
Insulated Safety Gloves (1000V)
Class 0 high-voltage insulated rubber gloves for working around live motor disconnects.